Tracked
Explore the issues shaping Canadian politics. Click any issue to compare party stances.
Canada's evolving framework for artificial intelligence, online platforms, and data sovereignty. Bill C-27 of 44-1 bundled three new statutes: the Consumer Privacy Protection Act (PIPEDA replacement), the Personal Information and Data Protection Tribunal Act, and the Artificial Intelligence and Data Act (AIDA), Canada's first general AI law; it stalled at the Industry committee over privacy and civil-liberties concerns. Online-platform legislation: Bill C-11 (Online Streaming Act, royal assent April 2023) brought streamers under CRTC authority; Bill C-18 (Online News Act, royal assent June 2023) prompted Meta's August 2023 news block on Facebook and Instagram; Bill C-63 (Online Harms Act) was at committee at dissolution and was re-tabled as 45-1 C-216 in narrower form. Quebec's Loi 25 privacy regime took full effect in 2024.
5 bills5 party stances
Federal telecom policy operates under the Telecommunications Act and the Radiocommunication Act, administered by the CRTC. The Universal Broadband Fund (announced 2019, $3.225 billion through 2027) aims for 98% of Canadian households to have access to 50/10 Mbps service by 2026 and 100% by 2030. CRTC's 2019 Wireless Code Decision set the federal mobile-data and roaming-rule framework. Active 2024-2025 files: Bill S-242 (spectrum use-it-or-lose-it for rural and remote Canada), Bill C-288 of 44-1 (broadband transparency, royal assent November 7, 2024), the CRTC's 2024 hybrid wholesale-resale decisions on internet competition, the 2024 federal Rural Connectivity Strategy update, and the federal Indigenous Connectivity Strategy. Cost-of-mobile-data in Canada remains among the highest in OECD countries by the federal government's own Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada price comparisons.
4 bills5 party stances
Federal agriculture jurisdiction shares with the provinces under section 95 of the Constitution Act, 1867. Federal levers: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, the Pest Management Regulatory Agency, the federal AgriStability and AgriInvest income-support programs, and the supply-management regime for dairy, poultry, and eggs. The 2023 Sustainable Canadian Agricultural Partnership is the 5-year ($3.5 billion) federal-provincial-territorial framework. Active 2024-2025 files: Bill C-282 of 44-1 (royal assent 2024 — supply-management protection in trade negotiations under Department of Foreign Affairs Act), Bill C-275 of 44-1 (Health of Animals Act biosecurity / ag-gag bill at report stage), Bill C-355 of 44-1 (live horse export by air ban, royal assent December 12, 2024), and the Canadian Dairy Commission tariff-rate-quota administration that turned into a US flashpoint in the renegotiated CUSMA agreement.
24 bills5 party stances
Federal arts and culture framework runs through the Department of Canadian Heritage, the Canada Council for the Arts, Telefilm Canada, the National Film Board, the CBC/Radio-Canada (under the Broadcasting Act), the Canadian Race Relations Foundation, and Library and Archives Canada. Active 2024-2025 files: the Online Streaming Act (Bill C-11 of 44-1, royal assent April 2023) brought streamers under the CRTC's Broadcasting Act framework; the Online News Act (Bill C-18 of 44-1, royal assent June 2023) produced the $100 million Google deal with the Canadian Journalism Collective and Meta's news block; the Cultural Renewal Plan in the 2023 federal budget added $30 million per year for the Canada Music Fund; Senate Bill S-208 (Declaration on the Essential Role of Artists and Creative Expression) and S-202 (Parliamentary Visual Artist Laureate, royal assent 2023). The federal Status of the Artist Act provides limited collective-bargaining rights for federally regulated artists.
24 bills5 party stances
Canada's net-zero-by-2050 commitment under the Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act (Bill C-12 of the 43rd Parliament, royal assent June 2021), the carbon-pricing framework under the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act, and the federal Output-Based Pricing System for large industrial emitters. The Carney government's 2025 Bill C-4 repealed the consumer fuel charge while leaving the industrial system in place. Other active files: the federal Clean Electricity Regulations (provincial pushback from Alberta and Saskatchewan), the modernized Canadian Environmental Protection Act (Bill S-5, royal assent June 2023, recognized a right to a healthy environment), the Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador and Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Energy Regulators (Bill C-49, royal assent October 2024, extending the Atlantic Accords to offshore wind), and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework Canada hosted at COP15 in December 2022.
52 bills11 party stances
Federal disaster response operates under the Emergency Management Act, the Disaster Financial Assistance Arrangements (which reimburse provinces and territories for major disasters above a per-capita threshold), the federal Emergency Mobile Alerts system, and the Public Safety Canada Government Operations Centre. The 2024 federal Disaster Recovery and Adaptation Investment included roughly $530 million additional for the Disaster Financial Assistance Arrangements. Active 2024-2025 files: the 2023 record wildfire season (over 18 million hectares burned, the worst in Canadian recorded history) prompted federal-provincial-territorial coordination reforms; the National Adaptation Strategy was published in June 2023; Bill C-317 (national flood and drought forecasting strategy), Bill C-411 (Criminal Code arson offences for wildfire-causing conduct), and Senate Bill S-267 (Criminal Code aggravating factor during evacuation orders). Climate-driven mass relocation (notably in Quebec's Lac-Saint-Charles area and PEI's coastal zones) is now a recurring federal-provincial budget item.
9 bills5 party stances
Federal grocery, housing, tax, and benefit policy as it affects after-tax household income. The Trudeau government's 2022-2024 affordability package included one-time GST credit doublings (C-30 in 2022, C-47 in 2023's Grocery Rebate of $234 to $467 per household), the temporary two-month GST/HST holiday from December 14, 2024 to February 15, 2025 (C-78), and the Canada Workers Benefit automatic-enrolment expansion. The Carney government's 2025 Bill C-4 cut the bottom income-tax bracket from 15% to 14% and removed GST on new owner-occupied homes up to $1 million for first-time buyers. Active 2025 debates: housing supply, interprovincial trade barrier removal (Bill C-5), the federal cash-access framework (private member's bills C-400 / 45-1 C-276), and grocery-price transparency (C-406).
45 bills10 party stances
Federal jurisdiction over criminal law (section 91(27) of the Constitution Act, 1867), administered through the Criminal Code, the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, and adjacent statutes (DNA Identification Act, Sex Offender Information Registration Act, Corrections and Conditional Release Act). Major 44-1 reforms: Bill C-5 repealed 14 Criminal Code mandatory-minimum sentences after R. v. Nur (2015) and R. v. Lloyd (2016); Bill C-28 re-enacted section 33.1 (extreme intoxication) after R. v. Brown (2022); Bill C-48 added reverse-onus bail for repeat violent offenders. Bill C-21 imposed a national handgun freeze and expanded the assault-style firearms ban. Bill C-9 of 45-1 (royal assent October 2025) added Criminal Code offences for intimidation near places of worship. Federal-provincial-territorial joint pressure on bail reform and on the rise in commercial extortion (especially in South Asian-Canadian communities) continues to drive the file.
75 bills5 party stances
Federal electoral framework under the Canada Elections Act (S.C. 2000, c. 9), administered by Elections Canada. Voting age is 18 since 1970; federal elections are held by simple-majority single-member plurality (first-past-the-post). The 2015 Liberal commitment to make 2015 the last election under FPTP was abandoned in 2017 after the Electoral Reform Committee report did not produce consensus. Federal-redistribution cycles every 10 years under the Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act; the 2022 redistribution would have reduced Quebec's seat count from 78 to 77, prompting Bill C-14 of 44-1 (the constitutional 'no province loses' amendment, royal assent June 23, 2022). Active 2024-2025 files: the Electoral Participation Act (C-65 of 44-1, two extra advance voting days and tightened political-financing rules), the Foreign Influence Transparency Registry under C-70, and the 2025 federal election review.
47 bills5 party stances
Federal privacy law under the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA, S.C. 2000, c. 5), which Bill C-27 of 44-1 would have replaced with the Consumer Privacy Protection Act. Lawful-access framework for police digital investigations under the Criminal Code and the Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Act, modernized in Bill C-22 of 45-1. Civil-liberties debate concentrates on encryption-related provisions, retention of subscriber data, and the use of the Online Harms Act framework (44-1 C-63, re-tabled as 45-1 C-216) against platform-amplified content. Quebec's Loi 25 (the modernized provincial privacy regime) took full effect in 2024 and is in some respects more demanding than the federal regime. Charter section 8 (unreasonable search and seizure) jurisprudence (R. v. Spencer, 2014; R. v. Bykovets, 2024) sets the limits on warrantless access to subscriber information.
9 bills5 party stances
Canada Disability Benefit Act (Bill C-22 of 44-1, royal assent June 22, 2023, S.C. 2023, c. 17) created the legislative framework; first payments began July 2025 at a maximum of $200 per month, with disability advocates criticizing the amount as inadequate. Old Age Security (OAS) and the Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS) operate under the Old Age Security Act; Bill C-12 of 44-1 (S.C. 2022, c. 1) excluded CERB and CRB from the GIS-eligibility calculation; Bill C-319 (NDP PMB) sought a 10% OAS increase for seniors aged 65 to 74. Long-term care reform: the 2021 federal Safe Long-Term Care Act (proposed but not enacted by the 43-2 NDP-Liberal partnership) was a response to the COVID-era LTC mortality crisis; Bill C-295 (PMB, 44-1) added Criminal Code offences for neglect of vulnerable adults in LTC settings. Federal-provincial coordination on dementia care, palliative care, and home care remains uneven.
14 bills5 party stances
Federal drug policy operates under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (CDSA), the Criminal Code, and the Cannabis Act (Bill C-45 of 42-1, royal assent June 2018). Active 2024-2025 files: the British Columbia three-year decriminalization pilot (federal exemption under section 56.1 of the CDSA, granted January 31, 2023; scaled back in May 2024 after public-consumption concerns, then formally discontinued by BC NDP Bill 21 in 2025), Bill C-216 of 44-1 (Health-Based Approach to Substance Use Act, NDP PMB that decriminalized simple possession), Bill C-272 of 45-1 (supervised drug consumption sites), and Bill C-394 of 44-1 (Conservative CDSA penalty increases for fentanyl). Federal-provincial response to the toxic-drug crisis: Statistics Canada reported over 22,000 opioid-toxicity deaths between January 2016 and June 2024. Safer-supply programs operate under provincial-medical-college authority with federal funding via Health Canada's Substance Use and Addictions Program.
10 bills5 party stances
Federal levers over the macroeconomy: monetary policy through the Bank of Canada Act (the Governor sets the overnight rate independently under a renewed 2021 inflation-targeting agreement with the federal government), fiscal policy through the federal budget (most recently the April 2024 federal budget implemented by C-69, with the Carney government tabling Budget 2025 in November 2025 implemented by 45-1 C-15), and competition policy through the Competition Act. Bill C-56 of 2023 repealed the efficiencies defence; Bill C-352 (Singh PMB) would have tightened abuse-of-dominance enforcement. Federal Industrial Strategy: the 2023 Inflation Reduction Act-driven federal-Volkswagen battery-plant deal in St. Thomas (federal-provincial commitment ~$13 billion), the Stellantis-LG NextStar deal in Windsor, and the Sustainable Jobs Act (Bill C-50 of 2024) for the just transition. Bill C-5 of 2025 (Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act) removed remaining federal interprovincial-trade barriers.
20 bills5 party stances
Federal levers in an area of constitutional provincial jurisdiction (section 93 of the Constitution Act, 1867). Federal funding flows mostly through the Canada Student Financial Assistance Act (Canada Student Loans, Canada Student Grants), the Apprenticeship Loans program, the Canada-Provincial Job Fund agreements, and the Indigenous Services Canada First Nations education funding stream. The 2023 federal budget eliminated interest on Canada Student Loans permanently. Federal-foreign-credential-recognition policy under Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada is the active federal-provincial flashpoint, especially for internationally trained physicians and nurses; Bill C-286 of 44-1 (Recognition of Foreign Credentials Act) tried to formalize a federal framework. Quebec's specific status under the Education Quality and Accountability Office and the K-to-CEGEP-to-university system remains protected by the Constitution Act, 1867 even where federal funding flows.
13 bills5 party stances
The balance of powers between Ottawa and the provinces under sections 91 and 92 of the Constitution Act, 1867. Quebec's distinct-society and language sovereignty (recognized in law since the Constitutional Amendment Proclamation, 1987 but never constitutionally entrenched), the use of the notwithstanding clause (section 33 of the Charter) by Quebec on Bill 21 in 2019 and Bill 96 in 2022, and the Alberta and Saskatchewan First Acts (provincial sovereignty statutes from 2022-2023) are the most active flashpoints. Federal-provincial fiscal arrangements (Bill C-46 of 2023 distributed the $2 billion health top-up from the February 2023 First Ministers' Meeting), the federal Building Canada Act of 2025 (which lets cabinet fast-track projects of national interest), the Carney government's 2025 removal of the federal consumer carbon tax, and the 2025-2026 carbon-tax-administration refusals by Saskatchewan and New Brunswick all turn on this axis.
16 bills9 party stances
Canada's role abroad through the Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Act, the Department of National Defence Act, and the Special Economic Measures Act (the basis for Russia, Iran, Belarus, North Korea, and Myanmar sanctions). NATO commitments and defence spending: Canada's 2024 Defence Policy Update committed to reaching 2% of GDP on defence by 2032 (current spending below the NATO 2% target). Active 2024-2025 files: Bill C-70 (Countering Foreign Interference Act, royal assent June 2024, established the Foreign Influence Transparency Registry as a Hogue Commission response), Canada's continued military and humanitarian aid to Ukraine since the 2022 Russian invasion, the 2023 modernized Canada-Ukraine Free Trade Agreement (C-57), the Canada-Taiwan relations framework discussion (S-277, C-343), and the Canada-Israel-Palestine-Hamas conflict (federal government recognition of a Palestinian state was promised in 2024 conditional on conditions that have not been met).
27 bills5 party stances
Federal gender-equality framework anchored in the Canadian Human Rights Act, the Employment Equity Act (last substantively updated in 1995), the Pay Equity Act of 2018 (Bill C-86, federally regulated employers), and gender-based-analysis-plus (GBA Plus) requirements across federal departments. Reproductive rights: federal coverage of contraception under the first phase of pharmacare (Bill C-64 of 2024) covers approximately 9 million people of reproductive age. Abortion has been legal in Canada since the 1988 R. v. Morgentaler Supreme Court ruling that struck down the Criminal Code restrictions; provincial coverage and clinic access vary widely, especially in New Brunswick (where coverage is restricted to hospitals). Active 2024-2025 files: Bill C-332 (coercive control), Keira's Law (C-233, royal assent April 2023 on mandatory judicial education on intimate-partner violence), conversion-therapy ban (C-4 of 44-1, royal assent December 2021), and the Véronique Barbe Act (Senate Bill S-238).
29 bills5 party stances
Canada Health Transfer levels, the federal-provincial split on what counts as universal coverage, the post-2023 federal-provincial-territorial agreement that committed $46 billion in additional federal funding over 10 years, and the bilateral health-care agreements that translated that money into specific provincial priorities (mental health, primary care, surgical wait times, health data). Pharmacare (Bill C-64 in 2024 brought in federal coverage for contraception and diabetes medications), the Canadian Dental Care Plan rollout (Bill C-32 in 2022, expanded under Bill C-47 in 2023), federal interoperability rules for electronic health records (Bill C-72), and the provincial-by-provincial expansion of for-profit surgical capacity for cataracts, MRIs, hips, and knees under the Canada Health Act framework are the active flashpoints in 2025.
58 bills17 party stances
Housing affordability and supply at the federal level, where the levers are mostly indirect (the federal government does not build housing; the provinces and municipalities do). Active federal interventions: Bill C-56 of 2023 removed GST on new purpose-built rental construction (CMHC measured a real lift in 2024 starts), the Housing Accelerator Fund disbursed across municipalities, Bill C-20 (Build Canada Homes Act of 45-1) creates a new federal Crown corporation to develop housing on public land, the National Housing Strategy Act and its statutory right to housing, and the Tax-Free First Home Savings Account introduced by Bill C-32 of 2022. Bill C-356 (Pierre Poilievre's PMB) would tie federal infrastructure transfers to municipal housing-start targets. Provincial action: Quebec's PL 31, Ontario's Bill 23/134/250 series, BC's Bill 28 multiplex zoning override, PEI's Bill 32 rent-control framework.
17 bills13 party stances
Federal immigration levels (set in IRCC's annual Immigration Levels Plan), refugee and asylum policy under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, the Express Entry framework for economic immigration, and the Citizenship Act. Active 2025 files: Bill C-3 of the 45-1 (royal assent November 18, 2025) restores citizenship to second-generation Canadians born abroad after the 2023 Ontario Superior Court ruling in Bjorkquist v. Canada that struck down the first-generation limit. Bill C-71 of the 44-1 (the predecessor that lapsed) and Bill S-245 (a Senate companion). The 2025 reduction in federal Permanent Resident targets from 500,000 to roughly 395,000 per year by 2027, the temporary-resident cap, and the federal-provincial coordination on credential recognition (Bill C-286 of 44-1) are the live debates.
16 bills5 party stances
Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 recognizes and affirms Aboriginal and treaty rights, and the federal Crown's duty to consult (Haida Nation v. British Columbia, 2004) governs Crown conduct that may adversely affect those rights. The 2021 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (Bill C-15, 43-2) requires Canada to take measures to ensure federal law is consistent with UNDRIP; the federal action plan was published in June 2023. Truth and Reconciliation Commission Calls to Action 53 to 56 led to the National Council for Reconciliation Act (Bill C-29 of 44-1, royal assent November 27, 2024). Bill C-77 (Modern Treaty Implementation Commissioner) was tabled in November 2024 but lapsed. Major 2024 development: Bill S-16, the Haida Nation Recognition Act, the most extensive federal legislative recognition of Aboriginal title in Canadian history.
36 bills6 party stances
The Official Languages Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. 31 (4th Supp.)) is the federal statute. Bill C-13 of 44-1 (An Act for the substantive equality of Canada's official languages, royal assent June 20, 2023, S.C. 2023, c. 15) was the first substantive Official Languages Act overhaul since 1988. It extends federal protection for French as a language of work and service to federally regulated private-sector workplaces in Quebec and in designated francophone regions outside Quebec, creates the Use of French in Federally Regulated Private Businesses Act, gives the Commissioner of Official Languages new enforcement powers (administrative monetary penalties up to $25,000), and recognizes the unique situation of French in North America. Quebec's Bill 96 (modernized Charter of the French language) and federal Bill C-13 are sometimes complementary, sometimes in tension. Indigenous-language revitalization runs under the 2019 Indigenous Languages Act (Bill C-91 of 42-1).
8 bills7 party stances
Federal mental-health funding flows through the Canada Health Transfer (no dedicated federal mental-health envelope at the program level) and through bilateral agreements (the 2017 federal-provincial accord on mental health and home care committed $5 billion over 10 years; the 2023 federal-provincial-territorial accord renewed and expanded that commitment). The 988 Suicide Crisis Helpline launched November 30, 2023 under CRTC direction following Bill C-211 of 43-1. Mental-illness-specific MAID eligibility: Bill C-39 of 44-1 delayed expansion to March 17, 2024; Bill C-62 of 44-1 further delayed it to March 17, 2027. Federal-provincial parity-of-esteem (covering mental health on the same terms as physical health under the Canada Health Act) remains a long-running advocacy ask. Bill C-414 (PMB, 44-1) would have added mental-health, addiction, and substance-use services as insured services under the CHA.
19 bills5 party stances
Federal national-security framework under the Canadian Security Intelligence Service Act (CSIS Act), the Security of Information Act, the Communications Security Establishment Act, the National Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians Act, and the Avoiding Complicity in Mistreatment by Foreign Entities Act. Bill C-70 of 2024 (the Countering Foreign Interference Act, royal assent June 20, 2024) was Canada's largest national-security reform in a decade, creating the Foreign Influence Transparency Registry. Cybersecurity: Bill C-26 of 44-1 stalled over civil-liberties concerns about ministerial powers; the narrower Bill C-8 of 45-1 re-introduced the Critical Cyber Systems Protection Act framework. The 2025 Hogue Commission of Inquiry into Foreign Interference's interim report and the federal cabinet's response have driven the registry rollout and the new offences. Civil-liberties tension over CSIS warrant powers continued through R. v. Re: X (Federal Court 2023) and the 'duty of candour' debate.
12 bills5 party stances
Federal jurisdiction over the three territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut) operates under their respective enabling acts; territorial governments hold delegated powers, not constitutional ones. The 2019 Arctic and Northern Policy Framework set Canada's stated 8-pillar strategy. Active 2024-2025 files: the Nunavut Devolution Agreement transferring jurisdiction over Crown lands and resources from Ottawa to Nunavut (signed January 18, 2024, with implementation through 2027), the proposed Commissioner for Modern Treaty Implementation (Bill C-77 of 44-1, lapsed), and the federal defence and sovereignty investments tied to NORAD modernization (~$38.6 billion over 20 years, announced June 2022). Climate-change adaptation is the most urgent file: thawing permafrost, food security in fly-in communities, and the loss of seasonal sea-ice driving the federal-Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami Inuit Nunangat Policy of 2022.
4 bills5 party stances
Federal infrastructure funding flows mostly through the Canada Community-Building Fund (formerly the Federal Gas Tax Fund), the Investing in Canada Infrastructure Program, the Permanent Public Transit Fund (announced 2021, $3 billion per year starting 2026-27), and the Canada Infrastructure Bank. Federal-provincial-municipal transit projects under negotiation: Ontario Line in Toronto, REM de l'Est in Montreal (subsequently cancelled and restructured), Calgary Green Line, Vancouver Broadway and SkyTrain extensions, and Ottawa LRT Stage 3. Bill C-356 of 44-1 (Pierre Poilievre's PMB) would tie federal infrastructure transfers to municipal housing-start targets. Inter-city rail: VIA Rail Canada operates under federal Crown-corporation status; Bill C-236 of 44-1 (VIA Rail Canada Act) would establish VIA in statute. The 2025 federal Building Canada Act (Bill C-5) lets cabinet fast-track infrastructure projects designated as in the national interest.
17 bills5 party stances
Federal taxation under the Income Tax Act, the Excise Tax Act (which contains the GST/HST), the Excise Act, 2001 (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis), and the Customs Tariff. Federal-provincial fiscal arrangements under the Federal-Provincial Fiscal Arrangements Act govern Equalization, the Canada Health Transfer, the Canada Social Transfer, and Territorial Formula Financing. Active 2024-2025 changes: the 2024 increase in the capital-gains inclusion rate from 50% to 66.67% on amounts over $250,000 (Bill C-69 of 44-1, S.C. 2024, c. 14) was rescinded by the Carney government in 2025 before its first full tax year; the 2024 Canadian Entrepreneurs' Incentive (lifetime inclusion-rate reduction for qualifying owners); the federal Digital Services Tax framework (Bill C-59 of 44-1); the 2% federal share-buyback tax on public corporations (Bill C-32 of 44-1). The 2026 federal budget tabled by Anita Anand (now Foreign Affairs) on a new Finance file is expected to set 2026-27 priorities.
55 bills5 party stances
Federal veterans framework under the Pension Act, the Canadian Forces Members and Veterans Re-establishment and Compensation Act (the 'New Veterans Charter' of 2006), and the Veterans Well-being Act. Veterans Affairs Canada administers disability benefits, education and training, mental-health support, and the pension-for-life regime (replaced the lump-sum disability award in 2019). Active 2024-2025 files: the Auditor General's repeated findings of long disability-claim wait times, the Special Service Medal for Domestic Emergency Relief Operations (Bill C-386, 44-1), the Defence of Canada Medal (1946-1989) recognizing Cold War-era service (Bill C-335, 44-1), the proposed Peacetime Service and Sacrifice Memorial Day (Bill C-333, 44-1), and Bill C-417 (national framework on animal-assisted services for veterans, especially for PTSD support). The 2024 Defence Policy Update committed to reaching 2% of GDP on defence by 2032 (current ~1.37%); federal-veteran transition support is part of that strategy.
12 bills5 party stances
Federal labour jurisdiction covers federally regulated industries (banks, telecoms, railways, airlines, federal public service, interprovincial trucking) under the Canada Labour Code; provincial labour codes govern most other workers. Major 2024 federal change: Bill C-58 of 44-1 (royal assent June 20, 2024, S.C. 2024, c. 17) bans replacement workers (scabs) in federally regulated strikes and lockouts effective June 20, 2025, a long-standing labour-movement demand and a key deliverable of the 2022-2024 NDP-Liberal supply-and-confidence agreement. Other active files: pay equity under the Pay Equity Act of 2018, the 10 days of paid sick leave for federally regulated workers (Bill C-3 of 44-1), the Sustainable Jobs Act (C-50 of 2024) for the just transition, the federal Pay Transparency Act framework, and Bill C-409 / C-415 on flight-attendant duty-hours and pay. Quebec (since 1977) and BC (since 1993) have had similar provincial anti-replacement-worker bans for decades.
32 bills5 party stances
Federal youth-policy levers include the Canada Student Financial Assistance Act (federal student loans, with permanent zero-interest in 2023), the Youth Employment and Skills Strategy ($1.1 billion over five years per the 2023 budget), the Canada Summer Jobs program, and the federal Youth Council (advisory body to the Prime Minister). Voting age has been 18 since 1970; Bills C-210 and C-227 in 44-1 would have lowered it to 16. Active 2024-2025 files: federal involvement in the Quebec Sept-Iles tragedy (2024 federal-provincial response to youth-justice gaps), the Statistics Canada-documented rise in household food insecurity since 2021 (children disproportionately affected), the national school food program framework (Bill C-322 of 44-1, royal assent 2024), the Online Harms Act (C-63 of 44-1, re-tabled as 45-1 C-216 focused on minors), and federal climate-litigation by youth plaintiffs (the 2020 La Rose v. Canada and 2022 ENvironnement Jeunesse v. Canada cases).
13 bills5 party stances
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